The current study aimed to optimize artificial insemination in aged broiler breeder hens in two experiments. In the first experiment, the effect of (two) different diluted semen temperatures (5 and 25 °C) of Hubbard rooster (40 roosters, 58 weeks of age) on FERTILITY, hatchability and sperm penetration (SP) rate in the perivitelline layer of Hubbard hen (180 hens) were investigated. In the second experiment, three (different) sperm concentrations (100 (C100), 200 (C200), and 400 (C400) million sperm in 0.25 mL per hen) of Hubbard roosters (40 roosters, 62 weeks of age) on FERTILITY, hatchability and SP rate of Hubbard broiler breeder hens (270 hens) were explored. In the first experiment, the results showed that the temperature of 5 °C of diluted semen compared to the 25 °C, increased percentage of hatchability of set eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs, and SP and decreased early embryonic mortality. The results of the second experiment showed the highest percentage of FERTILITY and SP rate were observed at treatment C400. Also, in this experiment that highest percentage of hatchability of set eggs and hatchability of fertile eggs and lowest early embryonic mortality were observed at treatment C400. Return on investment (ROI) of the treatments C200 and C400 was approximately 2.9 and 1.4, respectively. In overall, the results of this study showed that (in attention to ROI and hatchability) to optimize artificial insemination of aged broiler breeder hens we can use a sperm concentration of 200 to 400 million in 0.25 mL per hens at 5 °C.

An agricultural system will be sustainable while the lost nutrients are substituted in some ways. Chemical fertilizers is one of the main resources to nutrients supply for plant that optimum use of them, have an important role in field of ecologically sustainability and the agricultural products safety. One of the suitable tools that make it possible to manage the soil FERTILITY is the use of soil nutrients elements MAPS. On the other hand zoning MAPS of nutrients can be guideline for proper application of chemical fertilizer. In this research, it was assessed the spatial variations and zoning of macronutrients included nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Based on these, 96 soil samples collected from surface (0-25 cm) and sub surface (25-50 cm depths) in campus of University of Zanjan, Iran. The sampling method was based on regular network and the distance between two adjacent samples was selected 250 m. Statistical analysis presented that nitrogen has the lowest variation coefficient among the studied elements. Results of geostatistical analysis revealed that exponential model describes spatial variations of the three elements properly. In the studied depths, minimum effective range of potassium were estimated between 328.1 and 553.7 m.Zoning MAPS of the macronutrients showed that distribution of them is not random and is following a spatial pattern.

Please click on PDF to view the abstract.

Please click on PDF to view the abstract.

In this ‎paper, ‎we ‎investigate ‎the ‎structure ‎of ‎Jordan ‎centrali‎zer ‎MAPS‎ from a unital ‎alg‎ebra ‎$‎A‎$ ‎into a ‎unital‎ ‎‎$‎A‎$‎-bimodule ‎$‎M‎$‎.‎ We applied our results to triangular algebras. In particular, we prove that every ‎ Jordan centralizer map on a triangular algebra is a centralizer map. Keywords: Centralizer map, Jordan centralizer map, Triangular algebra. Highlights B.E. Johnson, Cohomology in Banach algebras, Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 127, 1972 O.T. Mewomo, Various notions of amenability in Banach algebras, Expositiones Mathematicae 29 (2011) 283–299 V. Runde, Lectures on amenability, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2002. V. Runde, Amenable Banach algebras, Springer Monographs in Mathematics, Berlin, 202